Birdfinding.info \u21d2<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 One of the most familiar birds in the U.S., especially the southern half, north to the Ohio Valley and mid-Atlantic states, where it is generally abundant in suburban neighborhoods and other semiopen habitats.\u00a0 Also numerous and conspicuous in northern and central Mexico and essentially throughout the Greater Antilles east to the Virgin Islands.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Northern Mockingbird<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Mimus polyglottos<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Family: Mimidae<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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North America from southern Canada to southern Mexico and the West Indies.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a9 Xeno-Canto 2021<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Present year-round across most of the U.S., Mexico, and Greater Antilles: north to southern Oregon, southern Idaho, Wyoming, Nebraska, Iowa, southern Wisconsin, southern Michigan, southern Ontario, southern Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia; and south to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, the Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.<\/p>
Despite being present year-round in most of its range, it is semi-migratory or dispersive.\u00a0 Some portion of the population is effectively resident and some portion wanders\u2014generally north in spring and south in winter, but marked individuals have been found moving mainly from east to west or vice-versa.<\/p>
It has been expanding its range northward, likely aided by human alteration of the landscape.\u00a0 Small breeding populations sometimes form north of its traditional range.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Breeding Bird Survey Abundance Map: Northern Mockingbird.\u00a0 U.S. Geological Survey 2015<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Scattered individuals regularly appear at locations across most of southern Canada from British Columbia to Newfoundland.\u00a0 Likely also wanders regularly into northern Central America, where it has been recorded south to Costa Rica, but is presumably overlooked due in part to its similarity to the abundant Tropical Mockingbird<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>
Occasionally wanders to Bermuda, subarctic Canada (e.g., Churchill, Manitoba and Lake Melville, Labrador), and southeastern and south-coastal Alaska.<\/p>
In Alaska, there are exceptional records north to the North Slope and west to Gambell, Nome, and St. Paul Island.\u00a0 It has also been documented in western Europe on multiple occasions: Great Britain (including three widely separated records during 2021), the Netherlands, and the Canary Islands (Gran Canaria).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Introduced and well-established on all of the main Hawaiian Islands.\u00a0 Originally introduced on Oahu around 1897, then again around 1928-1933 on both Oahu and Maui.\u00a0 By the 1960s they had spread to the other islands.\u00a0 Dispersing individuals have been found on remote islets of the chain, including Ka\u2019ula, Nihoa, Necker, and French Frigate Shoals\u2014which supported a small population from 1960 to 2003.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Identification<\/strong><\/span><\/p>
One of the most familiar backyard birds in the U.S., gray overall with a long tail.\u00a0 Often sings at length from the tops of bushes and fences.\u00a0 When it flies, its wings flash with large white patches that are mostly concealed at rest.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Northern Mockingbird in a typical pose on a typical perch.\u00a0 (Franklin Mountains State Park, Texas; February 2, 2019.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Don Danko<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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The upperparts are medium or pale-gray, unmarked.\u00a0 The underparts are whitish and essentially unmarked\u2014but sometimes show faint dark streaks on the flanks.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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The wings are mostly blackish with white wingbars and edges, and white patches at the base of the primaries.\u00a0 The tail is most blackish with white outer feathers.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Northern Mockingbird in flight, showing large white wing patches.\u00a0 (Albany, New York; March 31, 2021.)\u00a0 \u00a9 William Adamczak<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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The face is marked with a blackish eyestripe and an indistinct whitish eyebrow.\u00a0 The bill is mid-sized (short compared to other thrashers), black, and slightly curved.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Northern Mockingbird, showing maximum black-and-white contrast.\u00a0 (Frijole Ranch, Guadalupe Mountain National Park, Texas; February 9, 2021.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Ad Konings<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Northern Mockingbird, in flight, showing large white wing patches and white outer tail feathers.\u00a0 (Boul de l\u2019\u00c9nergie, Beauharnois, Quebec; July 23, 2019.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Lucien Lemay<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Immatures are browner than adults and have dark spots on the breast.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Northern Mockingbird, juvenile showing dark-spotted breast.\u00a0 (Mattie Kelly Park, Destin, Florida; July 29, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Andrew Simon<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Northern Mockingbird, juvenile\u2014distinguished from Bahama by white patch at the base of the primaries.\u00a0 (Churches Blue Hole, North Andros, Bahamas; August 16, 2013.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Charlie Skinner<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Voice.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 One of the world\u2019s most accomplished and prolific mimics, it often sings for large portions of the day and night.\u00a0 The quality of its voice is loud, clear, and resonant.\u00a0 Its song typically follows this pattern: a short phrase\u2014often an imitation of another species\u2014is repeated a few times in quick succession, then after a brief pause a different short phrase is similarly repeated, then another, and so on: <\/iframe>Calls include a <strong><em>CHEWP!<\/em><\/strong> which is repeated at a regular interval:<iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.xeno-canto.org\/627756\/embed?simple=1\" width=\"340\" height=\"115\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7d3842e6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7d3842e6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9771eda\" data-id=\"9771eda\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4831f949 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4831f949\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Notes<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>Polytypic species consisting of three recognized subspecies.<\/p><p>See below for comparisons of Northern Mockingbird with Tropical and Bahama Mockingbirds.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-651d401e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"651d401e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-72d2de29\" data-id=\"72d2de29\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fc7cd22 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3fc7cd22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><em>Cf. <a href=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/tropical-mockingbird\/\">Tropical Mockingbird<\/a>.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 Northern and Tropical Mockingbirds overlap regularly across much of southern Mexico in Veracruz, Oaxaca, and Chiapas, and likely also in the Yucat\u00e1n Peninsula and northern Central America\u2014where recent records indicate that Northern probably occurs regularly but has been overlooked due to its similarity to Tropical.\u00a0 Occasional overlap is also possible in the West Indies, as their ranges approach one another in the Leeward Islands.\u00a0 Two U.S. records of Tropical Mockingbird in the 2010s suggest additional potential for overlap due to ship-assisted vagrancy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ea54c10 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ea54c10\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-36c18783\" data-id=\"36c18783\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a9cbd78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1a9cbd78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Their vocalizations are essentially identical, so by sound alone a person who is familiar with either species would readily confuse them.\u00a0 In areas where both gray mockingbirds may occur, a clear look at the spread wing is necessary and sufficient for positive identification.\u00a0 Northern has large white wing-patches that flash conspicuously in flight, whereas Tropical has mostly dark wings that do not show white patches in flight.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d091c72 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6d091c72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird7.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-113334\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird7.jpg 480w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird7-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-355cb747 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"355cb747\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Northern Mockingbird, taking flight, showing diagnostic white wing patches and white outer tail feathers.\u00a0 (Boul de l\u2019\u00c9nergie, Beauharnois, Quebec; July 23, 2019.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/169508581\">\u00a9 Lucien Lemay<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-25956b81\" data-id=\"25956b81\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-617baa0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"617baa0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"384\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/TropicalMockingbird15.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-113748\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/TropicalMockingbird15.jpg 480w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/TropicalMockingbird15-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ced4c22 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1ced4c22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tropical Mockingbirds in combat, showing white-cornered tail and dark, unmarked wings.\u00a0 (San Pablo Hummingbird Retreat, Sangre Grande, Trinidad; May 9, 2019.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/170016011\">\u00a9 Jason Fidorra<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7df302df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7df302df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The tails also differ consistently, but less obviously than the wings.\u00a0 Northern\u2019s two outer feathers are essentially all-white, so it shows broad white sides when spread.\u00a0 Tropical\u2019s tail feathers are broadly tipped with white, more so on the outer feathers, so it appears white-cornered when spread.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-343cf6e5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"343cf6e5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-372c23f7\" data-id=\"372c23f7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c08b88e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7c08b88e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird9.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-113336\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird9.jpg 480w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird9-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-702a8454 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"702a8454\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Northern Mockingbird, with tail folded and appearing mostly black with a narrow white outer edge\u2014not conclusively identifiable in this photo.\u00a0 (Franklin Mountains State Park, Texas; February 2, 2019.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/138564111\">\u00a9 Juan Miguel Artigas Azas<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2a53475e\" data-id=\"2a53475e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26043704 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"26043704\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/TropicalMockingbird2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-113735\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/TropicalMockingbird2.jpg 480w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/TropicalMockingbird2-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2be325f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2be325f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tropical Mockingbird, showing some white on the wings and narrow white outer edge on the tail\u2014not conclusively identifiable in this photo.\u00a0 (Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico; February 11, 2018.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/85519591\">\u00a9 Joel Trick<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f3baef8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f3baef8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7586397\" data-id=\"7586397\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72e4d24f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"72e4d24f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Except for their wings and tails, adults of the two species can appear very similar.\u00a0 Northern tends to appear more neutral gray overall, whereas Tropical tends to show stronger contrast, with blacker wings and whiter underparts.\u00a0 But Tropical is more variable, with some populations or individuals that show richer shades of blue-gray and others that are paler or browner, and some that tend to show more or less pronounced eyebrows, eyestripes, wingbars, and streaks on the flanks.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51f01fe0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"51f01fe0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7a3276e7\" data-id=\"7a3276e7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50928660 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50928660\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><em>Cf. <a href=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/bahama-mockingbird\/\">Bahama Mockingbird<\/a>.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 The Bahama Mockingbird resembles an immature Northern Mockingbird.\u00a0 Northern is common throughout Bahama\u2019s small range, so positive identification of Bahama always entails ruling out immature Northern.<\/p><p>The most reliable difference is the distribution of white on the wings and tail.\u00a0 Northern has large white wing-patches and outer tail feathers, which are obvious in flight, whereas Bahama shows no white on the wings and has white only on the tips of its tail feathers.<\/p><p>Both have dark marks on whitish underparts, but the patterns are reversed.\u00a0 Immature Northern has distinct spots on the breast and fainter spots or streaks on the flanks, whereas Bahama has vague speckles or scallops on the breast and bold streaks on the flanks.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2f9783cc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2f9783cc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-654deb36\" data-id=\"654deb36\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b720390 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6b720390\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Additional Photos of <u>Northern Mockingbird<\/u><br \/><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-53a34ff elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"53a34ff\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d2f5a7c\" data-id=\"d2f5a7c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc746e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cc746e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird14.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-113341\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird14.jpg 480w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird14-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd0e1af elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dd0e1af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Northern Mockingbird.\u00a0 (Dawes Arboretum, Licking County, Ohio; January 7, 2021.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/295477341\">\u00a9 Brad Imhoff<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4812b47\" data-id=\"4812b47\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-866b78b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"866b78b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-113329\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird2.jpg 480w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird2-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c869ed1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4c869ed1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Northern Mockingbird.\u00a0 (Swan Harbor Farm Park, Harford County, Maryland; January 27, 2021.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/301865201\">\u00a9 John Manger<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bd6d5cb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bd6d5cb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6bd086e\" data-id=\"6bd086e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cf7e81 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8cf7e81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"321\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird12.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-113339\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird12.jpg 480w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird12-300x201.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe0c194 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fe0c194\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Northern Mockingbird.\u00a0 (Lake Conestee Nature Preserve, Greenville, South Carolina; October 25, 2019.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/188823611\">\u00a9 Andrew Simon<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-be2f135\" data-id=\"be2f135\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a892519 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a892519\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird11.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-113338\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird11.jpg 480w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird11-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-332a6a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"332a6a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Northern Mockingbird.\u00a0 (Little Rock, Arkansas; February 19, 2018.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/86701791\">\u00a9 Lance Runion<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7df7c6c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7df7c6c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1f4d1a0\" data-id=\"1f4d1a0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-753e4579 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"753e4579\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"357\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-113330\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird3.jpg 480w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird3-300x223.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22bc743f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"22bc743f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Northern Mockingbird.\u00a0 (Lansing, Michigan; January 20, 2021.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/299721371\">\u00a9 Amy Hall<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-38baf7d\" data-id=\"38baf7d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e06789b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e06789b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird10.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-113337\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird10.jpg 480w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird10-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d018461 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d018461\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Northern Mockingbird, showing clay-whitish underparts.\u00a0 (Riparian Preserve at Water Ranch, Gilbert, Arizona; December 11, 2017.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/78182141\">\u00a9 Darren Clark<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-65a0913 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"65a0913\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8bd24cb\" data-id=\"8bd24cb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d462156 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d462156\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird15.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-113342\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird15.jpg 480w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird15-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00c1819 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"00c1819\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Northern Mockingbird, in a dull, brownish-gray plumage.\u00a0 (Galveston, Texas; April 29, 2021.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/350000321\">\u00a9 Bob Walker<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-57a054d\" data-id=\"57a054d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-467096e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"467096e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird16.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-113343\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird16.jpg 480w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/NorthernMockingbird16-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b273cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4b273cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Northern Mockingbird, juvenile.\u00a0 (Houston, Texas; May 20, 2017.) \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/59679001\">\u00a9 Terry Woodward<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56f77e2b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"56f77e2b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7ee3447b\" data-id=\"7ee3447b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac0d64d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ac0d64d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>Alderfer, J., and J.L. Dunn. 2014. <em>National Geographic Complete Birds of North America (Second Edition)<\/em>. National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C.<\/p><p>BirdLife International. 2017. <em>Mimus polyglottos<\/em> (amended version of 2016 assessment). <em>The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017:<\/em> e.T22711026A111233524. <a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2305\/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T22711026A111233524.en\">https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2305\/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T22711026A111233524.en<\/a>. (Accessed December 24, 2021.)<\/p><p>Brewer, D., and B.K. MacKay. 2001. <em>Wrens, Dippers, and Thrashers.<\/em> Yale University Press.<\/p><p>eBird. 2021. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundance. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, N.Y. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ebird.org\">http:\/\/www.ebird.org<\/a>. (Accessed December 24, 2021.)<\/p><p>Haynes-Sutton, A., A. Downer, R. Sutton, and Y.-J. Rey-Millet. 1986. <em>A Photographic Guide to the Birds of Jamaica<\/em>. Princeton University Press.<\/p><p>Howell, S.N.G., and S. Webb. 1995. <em>A Guide to the Birds of Mexico and Northern Central America<\/em>. Oxford University Press.<\/p><p>Kirwan, G.M., A. Levesque, M. Oberle, and C.J. Sharpe. 2019. <em>Birds of the West Indies<\/em>. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.<\/p><p>Pyle, R.L., and P. Pyle. 2017. <em>The Birds of the Hawaiian Islands: Occurrence, History, Distribution, and Status<\/em>. Version 2 (January 1, 2017). <a href=\"http:\/\/hbs.bishopmuseum.org\/birds\/rlp-monograph\/\">http:\/\/hbs.bishopmuseum.org\/birds\/rlp-monograph\/<\/a>. B.P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii.<\/p><p>Sibley, D.A. 2014. <em>The Sibley Guide to Birds (Second Edition)<\/em>. Alfred A. Knopf. New York.<\/p><p>Svensson, L., K. Mullarney, and D. Zetterstr\u00f6m. 2009. <em>Birds of Europe (Second Edition).<\/em> Princeton University Press.<\/p><p>Xeno-Canto. 2021. Northern Mockingbird \u2013 <em>Mimus polyglottos<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/xeno-canto.org\/species\/Mimus-polyglottos\">https:\/\/xeno-canto.org\/species\/Mimus-polyglottos<\/a>. (Accessed December 24, 2021.)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a9 Dick Horsey \u00a9 Ron Overholtz Birdfinding.info \u21d2\u00a0 One of the most familiar birds in the U.S., especially the southern half, north to the Ohio Valley and mid-Atlantic states, where it is generally abundant in suburban neighborhoods and other semiopen habitats.\u00a0 Also numerous and conspicuous in northern and central Mexico and essentially throughout the Greater […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"ocean_post_layout":"right-sidebar","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"off","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-113346","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-species","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113346","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=113346"}],"version-history":[{"count":227,"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113346\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":113947,"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113346\/revisions\/113947"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=113346"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=113346"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=113346"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}