![\"\"](\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/CarolinaParakeet5.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\tJohn James Audubon, 1825<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t Birdfinding.info \u21d2<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 The last universally accepted record of wild Carolina Parakeets<\/strong> was Frank Chapman\u2019s collection of four specimens at Taylor Creek, north of Lake Okeechobee, Florida, in April 1904.\u00a0 The last known captive individual died in the Cincinnati Zoo on February 21, 1918.\u00a0 It seems likely that the species persisted far beyond those dates, however, as apparently credible reports of wild flocks in swamplands from southern North Carolina to south-central Florida continued until the late 1930s and early \u201840s.\u00a0 Most reports were along Florida\u2019s interior waterways, especially in the St. John\u2019s River area.\u00a0 Other intriguing reports detailed by Snyder (2004) include 30 seconds of now-lost color film footage reportedly shot in the Okefenokee Swamp of Georgia, undated (but sometime after that type of film became available in 1936), which showed a small flock of blurry, apparently yellow-headed parakeets feeding, and numerous sightings in the \u201830s along the lower Santee River in South Carolina, with the latest persuasively attested sighting near Council, North Carolina, in the spring of 1944.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Carolina Parakeet \u2020<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t Conuropsis carolinensis<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t Family: Psittacidae<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Extinct.\u00a0 Formerly inhabited the eastern U.S.<\/strong><\/p> When European settlement of North America began, the Carolina Parakeet was widely distributed in bottomland forests and swamps of the Carolinian region, west to eastern Colorado and central Texas, and north to southeastern South Dakota, southern Wisconsin, and the southern shores of the Great Lakes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Approximate historical distribution of the Carolina Parakeet by subspecies, with red line indicating a previously accepted approximation.\u00a0 \u00a9 Burgio et al. 2017<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t The two recognized subspecies apparently inhabited somewhat distinct biomes, one in interior river basins and the other in swamplands of the coastal plain.\u00a0 The nominate carolinensis<\/em> occurred essentially throughout Florida and adjacent parts of southern Alabama and Georgia, and in narrow coastal strips north to eastern North Carolina and west to around Baton Rouge, Louisiana.\u00a0 In the interior, ludovicianus<\/em> occupied much of the Mississippi Valley and its tributary drainages, with outlying populations in New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and south-central Alabama and Georgia\u2014where it may have overlapped with carolinensis<\/em>.<\/p> The only parakeet native to the northern temperate zone was persecuted as an agricultural pest and captured in large numbers to be held in captivity.\u00a0 A highly sociable and confiding temperament apparently rendered it vulnerable to mass slaughter and capture.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t It had evolved a tolerance to the toxins in the seeds of cockleburs, which provided it with a food source that was available year-round throughout its range.\u00a0 Heavy reliance on cockleburs was evidently an important reason why it was able to survive as a resident species in areas with cold, snowy winters, and the toxins may have rendered it unpalatable to predators.\u00a0 A lack of predators favors fearlessness, which would help explain its vulnerability to the novel depredations of Europeans.<\/p> Across most of its range, it disappeared along with the westward expansion of European settlement.\u00a0 Although not necessarily reliable indicators of its true dates of local extirpation, the years when it was last reported in several states were: Indiana, 1851; Ohio, 1856; Kentucky, 1878; Missouri, 1905; Louisiana, 1910; and Kansas, 1912.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Identification<\/strong><\/span><\/p> The adult was green with a yellow hood, reddish-orange forecrown and face, and a large pale bill.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t Carolina Parakeet. \u00a0\u00a9 Naturalis Biodiversity Center<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t Carolina Parakeet, mounted specimen on display in the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. \u00a0\u00a9 James St. John<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t The leading edge of the wing had a strip of yellow and orange, and the spread wing showed a yellow band across the bases of the primaries.<\/p> The juvenile plumage was nearly all-green, with some reddish-orange coloration on the forecrown and face.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Notes<\/strong><\/span><\/p> Polytypic species consisting of two recognized subspecies, both extinct: carolinensis<\/em> and ludovicianus<\/em>.<\/p> IUCN Red List Status: Extinct<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t More Images of the Carolina Parakeet<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Carolina Parakeet. \u00a0\u00a9 jennykendler<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t Carolina Parakeet, lateral view. \u00a0\u00a9 Naturalis Biodiversity Center<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Carolina Parakeet, dorsal view. \u00a0\u00a9 Naturalis Biodiversity Center<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:AudubonCarolinaParakeet2.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t