![\"\"](\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ChapmansStormPetrel11-768x618.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\u00a9 Tom Benson<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t Birdfinding.info \u21d2<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 The dark-rumped, eastern tropical Pacific form of Leach\u2019s Storm-Petrel<\/strong> is locally common during its breeding season, from April to October, in the offshore waters of southern California and northern Baja California, when it can be found on pelagic trips out of Los Angeles and San Diego.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t \u201cChapman\u2019s Storm-Petrel\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t Hydrobates leucorhoa chapmani<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t Family: Hydrobatidae<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Breeds on islands of Baja California.\u00a0 Winters in the eastern tropical Pacific.<\/strong><\/p> Nests on the Coronado and San Benito Islands offshore from Baja California, arriving around April and departing around October.<\/p> In 2014, \u201cChapman\u2019s\u201d was also confirmed nesting on an islet beside Santa Catalina Island, California (Carter et al. 2016).\u00a0 Reports of storm-petrels breeding elsewhere in the Channel Islands of California and on the Todos Santos Islands of Baja California (near Ensenada) likely refer to \u201cChapman\u2019s\u201d, at least in part.<\/p> Nonbreeding range is not well-known, but it has been recorded in offshore waters of southern Central America and northern South America, generally between the latitudes 15\u00b0 North and 10\u00b0 South.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Identification<\/strong><\/span><\/p> A mid-sized, dark-brown storm-petrel with prominent blond carpal bars on the wing coverts, a variably dark rump, and a deeply forked tail.\u00a0 Differs from typical Leach\u2019s principally in having a darker rump.<\/p> Can be extremely similar to several closely related dark-rumped storm-petrels: especially Ashy<\/strong> and Townsend\u2019s<\/strong>, which regularly occur together with it.\u00a0 (See Notes<\/u><\/strong> below for detailed comparisons.)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t \u201cChapman\u2019s Storm-Petrel\u201d, H. l. chapmani<\/em>, showing typical whitish sliver or \u201cthumbprint\u201d on the edge of the rump.\u00a0 (Offshore from San Diego, California; August 19, 2020.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Nancy Christensen<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t Like typical Leach\u2019s, \u201cChapman\u2019s\u201d is often best identified by its characteristically batlike flight pattern.\u00a0 It tends to hold its wings bent at the wrist and uses deep strokes that produce an irregular, bounding or bouncing flight.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t The rump is typically pale-brown with a thin whitish sliver or \u201cthumbprint\u201d blotch at the outer edge.\u00a0 Some individuals have darker, essentially all-brown rumps, and some have paler rumps with a dark central strip and whitish oval patches on the sides.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t \u201cChapman\u2019s Storm-Petrel\u201d, H. l. chapmani<\/em>, showing typical whitish sliver on the edge of the rump.\u00a0 (Offshore south of San Clemente Island, California; August 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 J. Bailey<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t The palest-rumped \u201cChapman\u2019s\u201d can be indistinguishable from typical Leach\u2019s\u2014as their populations apparently blend together in California.\u00a0 (\u201cChapman\u2019s\u201d might be more appropriately classified as a localized color morph of Leach\u2019s, rather than as a distinct form.)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t \u201cChapman\u2019s Storm-Petrel\u201d, H. l. chapmani<\/em>, near the pale-rumped end of the spectrum.\u00a0 (Thirty-Mile Bank, offshore from San Diego, California; July 24, 2021.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Nicole Desnoyers<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t \u201cChapman\u2019s Storm-Petrel\u201d, H. l. chapmani<\/em>, near the dark-rumped end of the spectrum.\u00a0 (Offshore from San Diego, California; August 2015.)\u00a0 \u00a9 B.J. Stacey<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Under optimal viewing conditions, when viewed from below, \u201cChapman\u2019s\u201d often shows a dark-gray hood, contrasting with its otherwise dark-brown body plumage.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t \u201cChapman\u2019s Storm-Petrel\u201d, H. l. chapmani<\/em>, with tail fully fanned out, showing the distribution of whitish feathering on its rump.\u00a0 (Offshore from San Diego, California; August 2, 2020.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Nancy Christensen<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t \u201cChapman\u2019s Storm-Petrel\u201d, H. l. chapmani<\/em>, showing contrast between dark-gray hood and otherwise brown underparts.\u00a0 (Offshore from San Diego, California; July 11, 2021.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Curtis Marantz<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Voice.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 Vocalizations recorded on the breeding grounds appear to be identical to the chatter calls of typical Leach\u2019s.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Notes<\/strong><\/span><\/p> Monotypic form of Leach\u2019s Storm-Petrel (leucorhoa<\/em>), but its status as a distinct taxon is questionable due to apparent intergradation into adjacent Leach\u2019s populations. \u00a0\u201cChapman\u2019s\u201d might be more accurately understood as a localized color morph of Leach\u2019s.<\/p> See below for comparisons of \u201cChapman\u2019s Storm-Petrel\u201d with Ashy and Townsend\u2019s Storm-Petrels.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Cf. Ashy Storm-Petrel.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 Ashy and \u201cChapman\u2019s\u201d are mid-sized, mostly dark storm-petrels that can have nearly identical plumages.\u00a0 Their ranges overlap broadly in the waters of California and Baja California.\u00a0 \u201cChapman\u2019s\u201d is more variable than Ashy, especially in the color and pattern of the rump.\u00a0 Most \u201cChapman\u2019s\u201d show distinct whitish slivers or patches on the sides of the rump, and some have a more uniformly brown rump, whereas Ashy\u2019s rump is uniformly grayish.\u00a0 The undersides of the wings also differ: \u201cChapman\u2019s\u201d is all-dark, whereas Ashy usually shows a distinct whitish strip on the underwing coverts.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Cf. Townsend\u2019s Storm-Petrel.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 Townsend\u2019s and \u201cChapman\u2019s\u201d are mid-sized, mostly dark storm-petrels that can have identical plumages.\u00a0 Their ranges overlap broadly from southern California south into the tropical eastern Pacific.\u00a0 Most Townsend\u2019s have all-white rumps and therefore would not be confused with \u201cChapman\u2019s\u201d, but some Townsend\u2019s have mostly dark rumps with patterns that are consistent with \u201cChapman\u2019s\u201d.\u00a0 In such cases, the only differences may be subtle details of size, shape, and flight pattern.\u00a0 Townsend\u2019s is slightly smaller and stockier than \u201cChapman\u2019s\u201d, with a slightly shorter, less deeply forked tail, and steadier, less erratic flight.\u00a0 However, these differing tendencies and impressions are too slight to be useful under most field conditions\u2014except possibly for optimal side-by-side comparisons.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t More Images of \u201cChapman\u2019s Storm-Petrel\u201d<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t \u201cChapman\u2019s Storm-Petrel\u201d, H. l. chapmani<\/em>.\u00a0 (Escarpment between Rodriguez and San Juan, offshore from Santa Barbara, California; July 25, 2009.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Brian Sullivan<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t \u201cChapman\u2019s Storm-Petrel\u201d, H. l. chapmani<\/em>.\u00a0 (Offshore from San Diego, California; August 2, 2020.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Gary Nunn<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t \u201cChapman\u2019s Storm-Petrel\u201d, H. l. chapmani<\/em>.\u00a0 (Offshore from Punta Maia, Los Santos, Panama; December 22, 2019.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Chris Fischer<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t \u201cChapman\u2019s Storm-Petrel\u201d, H. l. chapmani<\/em>.\u00a0 (Offshore from Punta Maia, Los Santos, Panama; December 22, 2019.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Chris Fischer<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t \u201cChapman\u2019s Storm-Petrel\u201d, H. l. chapmani<\/em>, near the pale-rumped end of the spectrum.\u00a0 (Thirty-Mile Bank, offshore from San Diego, California; July 24, 2021.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Nicole Desnoyers<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t \u201cChapman\u2019s Storm-Petrel\u201d, H. l. chapmani<\/em>.\u00a0 (Offshore from San Diego, California; July 11, 2021.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Curtis Marantz<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ChapmansStormPetrel13.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ChapmansStormPetrel18-768x462.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ChapmansStormPetrel14.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ChapmansStormPetrel16-768x512.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ChapmansStormPetrel3.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ChapmansStormPetrel9.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ChapmansStormPetrel24.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ChapmansStormPetrel1.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ChapmansStormPetrel5.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ChapmansStormPetrel6.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ChapmansStormPetrel15.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ChapmansStormPetrel23.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t![\"\"](\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/ChapmansStormPetrel22.jpg\")
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t