Formerly occurred in forests throughout Oahu, but now extirpated from the northern portion of the island, and increasingly localized in the western and southeastern hills, as its distribution has continued to contract since the mid-1900s.\u00a0 The main cause of its decline and ongoing threat to its existence is understood to be nest predation by rats.<\/p>

As of 2012, its remaining populations were fragmented in four areas: (1) upper elevations of the Wai\u2019anae Range from Pahole to Palehua; (2) the central eastern (windward) slope of the Ko\u2019olau Range from Kahana Valley to Waihe\u2019e Valley; (3) the central western slope of the Ko\u2019olau Range from Waimano Valley to Moanalua Valley; (4) the southern slope of the southeastern Ko\u2019olau Range from Palolo Valley to Kuli\u2019ou\u2019ou Valley.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t