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\u00a9 Timothy Carstens<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/XC415341-Swainsons-Warbler-edited.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u00a9 David Sarkozi<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

Birdfinding.info \u21d2\u00a0<\/em><\/strong> Uncommon, local, secretive, and hard to find across most of its range.\u00a0 When singing on its breeding territory, however, it announces its presence clearly and responds promptly to playback of its distinctive song.\u00a0 Breeds in largely impenetrable habitats: brushy swamps, canebrakes, Appalachian rhododendron thickets, and\u2014as recently discovered\u2014dense stands of young pine.\u00a0 (See maps of breeding areas in the Notes<\/u><\/strong> below.)\u00a0 On its wintering grounds it seems to favor habitats of similar structure, but is much more difficult to locate and observe without the aid of its song.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Swainson\u2019s Warbler<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Limnothlypis swainsonii<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Family: Parulidae<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Breeds in the southeastern U.S.\u00a0 Winters in the West Indies and Yucat\u00e1n Peninsula.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a9 NatureServe 2007<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Breeding.\u00a0 <\/em><\/strong>Breeds in bottomland swamps, Appalachian rhododendron thickets, and other humid woodlands with dense undergrowth in the southern tier of states from eastern Texas to northern Florida, and north to southern Missouri, southernmost Illinois, central West Virginia, and southeastern Virginia; with a small outpost population on the Delmarva Peninsula in Delaware and Maryland.<\/p>
Recent research indicates that Swainson\u2019s Warbler readily adapts to breeding in monoculture pine plantations, which are a significant and expanding use of land across much of its range (see Expansion of Swainson\u2019s Warbler Breeding Populations into Commercial Pine Plantations<\/strong><\/em> in Notes<\/strong><\/span>, below).<\/p>
Nonbreeding.\u00a0 <\/em><\/strong>Winters mainly in humid tropical forests of Campeche, Quintana Roo, Belize, northern Guatemala, Cuba, the Cayman Islands, and Jamaica.\u00a0 Occasional on other Caribbean islands.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Movements.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 A short-distance migrant that is seldom seen on migration\u2014evidently tends to fly nonstop between breeding and wintering grounds\u2014but is sometimes grounded in \u201cfall-outs\u201d at coastal sites such as High Island, Texas, and Dauphin Island, Alabama.<\/p>
Each year some individuals overshoot the breeding grounds and briefly attempt to establish territories.\u00a0 The most distant overshot records are from New Mexico, Colorado, Nebraska, Wisconsin, Ontario, and Massachusetts.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Identification<\/strong><\/span><\/p>
An inconspicuous, cryptically colored warbler with a remarkably long, pointed bill and flat-headed profile.\u00a0 Except when singing, it usually remains low in dense undergrowth or on the ground foraging in leaf litter.<\/p>
Olive-brown above, with a warm-brown or rusty cap, long, wide eyebrow, and dark eyestripe.<\/p>
Underparts are pale and may appear some combination of whitish, grayish, brownish, and yellowish; slightly darker on the sides.\u00a0 Its legs are pale pink.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Swainson\u2019s Warbler\u2014note long, dagger-like bill, flat-headed profile, and pink legs.\u00a0 (Little River National Wildlife Refuge, Oklahoma; April 14, 2017.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Charles Lyon<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Swainson\u2019s Warbler, with its head thrown back in full song.\u00a0 (Gore Store Road, Village Mills, Texas; April 20, 2014.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Brooke Miller<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Swainson\u2019s Warbler.\u00a0 (Washington Ditch, Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, Virginia; April 14, 2012.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Mark R. Johnson<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Swainson\u2019s Warbler, showing that the bill does not always appear disproportionately large.\u00a0 (West Columbia Riverwalk, Columbia, South Carolina; April 10, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Irvin Pitts<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Swainson\u2019s Warbler.\u00a0 (Washington Ditch, Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, Virginia; April 14, 2012.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Mark R. Johnson<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Swainson\u2019s Warbler\u2014note long, dagger-like bill, flat-headed profile, and pink legs.\u00a0 (Lick Creek Park, College Station, Texas; April 13, 2017.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Ronald Newhouse<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Swainson\u2019s Warbler, singing.\u00a0 (Mundy, Louisiana; May 4, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Charles Lyon<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Swainson\u2019s Warbler\u2014note long, dagger-like bill, flat-headed profile, and pink legs.\u00a0 (George C. McGough Nature Park, Largo, Florida; March 27, 2017.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Wendy Meehan<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Swainson\u2019s Warbler, showing underparts coloration at the yellow end of the spectrum.\u00a0 (Cape May, New Jersey; April 29, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Dustin Welch<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Swainson\u2019s Warbler, in typical foraging habitat.\u00a0 (Fort De Soto Park, St. Petersburg, Florida; April 21, 2016.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Musa Awan<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Swainson\u2019s is brownest of the wood warblers.\u00a0 (Fort Zachary Taylor Historic State Park, Key West, Florida; April 12, 2017.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Tim Healy<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Swainson\u2019s Warbler, affording a close study of its formidable, dagger-like bill.\u00a0 \u00a9 Gary Graves<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Swainson\u2019s Warbler, in typical foraging habitat.\u00a0 (Tommy Thompson Park, Toronto, Ontario; May 18, 2015.)\u00a0 \u00a9 David Beadle<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Swainson\u2019s Warbler, showing warm-brown crown and atypically rounded head shape with crown feathers raised.\u00a0 (Railroad Ditch, Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, Virginia; May 2, 2014.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Linda Chittum<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Swainson\u2019s Warbler, showing the prey\u2019s perspective on its dagger-like bill.\u00a0 (San Salvador, Bahamas; March 10, 2012.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Michael Akresh<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Voice.<\/em><\/strong> Swainson\u2019s Warbler is secretive and rarely seen before being heard. \u00a0It is best detected by its loud song, which consists of three clear, down-slurred notes that lead into a rapid three-note phrase:\u00a0<\/iframe><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f86af10 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f86af10\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d82608e\" data-id=\"d82608e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a4ece7 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"1a4ece7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c47686a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c47686a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a4977ff\" data-id=\"a4977ff\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a483258 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a483258\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><em>Cf. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.birdfinding.info\/yucatan-vireo\/\">Yucat\u00e1n Vireo<\/a>.\u00a0 <\/em><\/strong>Among the birds that regularly occur in Swainson\u2019s Warbler\u2019s range, the ones that most closely share its basic pattern are certain vireos (e.g., Warbling), which differ in having greener, more washed-out coloration, blunter bills, dark gray legs, and arboreal habits.\u00a0 Swainson\u2019s is most similar to the localized Yucat\u00e1n Vireo\u2014of the Yucat\u00e1n Peninsula and Grand Cayman\u2014which is browner and longer-billed than most vireos.\u00a0 Leg color is the most reliably unambiguous visual characteristic: pale pink for the warbler, dark gray for the vireo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7082dcc8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7082dcc8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-20cbf098\" data-id=\"20cbf098\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d6f5078 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7d6f5078\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Notes<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>Monotypic species.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-129b41d5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"129b41d5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5e566853\" data-id=\"5e566853\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5811f9d2 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"5811f9d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-58e1a7e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"58e1a7e2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-23b18b3e\" data-id=\"23b18b3e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce63535 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ce63535\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong>Breeding Bird Survey Abundance Map: Swainson\u2019s Warbler.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f54fd2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f54fd2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"547\" height=\"423\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Swainsons-Warbler-Map2.gif\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-14367\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-762afd83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"762afd83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov\/bbs\/ra2015\/red\/ra06370.gif\">U.S. Geological Survey 2015<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9a9c694 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9a9c694\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fe6feea\" data-id=\"fe6feea\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08f980d elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"08f980d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f41321d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f41321d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-455ff96\" data-id=\"455ff96\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06237d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"06237d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong>Expansion of Swainson\u2019s Warbler Breeding Populations into Commercial Pine Plantations.<\/strong><\/em><\/p><p>Research published by Gary Graves in 2015 indicates that Swainson\u2019s Warbler readily adapts to commercially grown pine plantations where average stand heights of approximately 20 to 30 feet tall, with densities peaking at approximately 24 feet (i.e., 7.5 meters) tall.\u00a0 Most occupied stands are in the range of 8 to 15 years old and include a noticeable incidental presence of broadleaf plants.<\/p><p>Breeding territories have found in such plantations across much of its breeding range, from eastern Texas to southeastern Virginia.\u00a0 The maps below show the locations of Swainson\u2019s Warbler territories discovered in pine plantations (top) and other habitats (bottom) over the course of Graves\u2019s research (but they do not show all locations where Swainson\u2019s Warbler is known to breed).<\/p><p>The unexpected discovery that the uncommon and specialized Swainson\u2019s Warbler adapts to a widely prevalent monoculture appears to indicate that its long-term prospects are secure, as pine plantations cover a large and growing proportion of the land in its breeding range.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b101a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0b101a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"536\" height=\"747\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Swainsons-Warbler-breeding-areas.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-14365\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Swainsons-Warbler-breeding-areas.png 536w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Swainsons-Warbler-breeding-areas-215x300.png 215w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 536px) 100vw, 536px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b4f392 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9b4f392\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"http:\/\/macroecointern.dk\/pdf-reprints\/Graves_BCI_2014b.pdf\">\u00a9 Bird Conservation International (Graves 2015)<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2bae164 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2bae164\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-37c5e28a\" data-id=\"37c5e28a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27163537 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"27163537\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>Alderfer, J., and J.L. Dunn. 2014. <em>National Geographic Complete Birds of North America (Second Edition)<\/em>. National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C.<\/p><p>Dunn, J.L., and K.L. Garrett. 1997. <em>A Field Guide to Warblers of North America<\/em>. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.<\/p><p>eBird. 2019. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundance. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, N.Y. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ebird.org\">http:\/\/www.ebird.org<\/a>. (Accessed March 29, 2019.)<\/p><p>Fagan, J., and O. Komar. 2016. <em>Peterson Field Guide to the Birds of Northern Central America<\/em>. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, New York.<\/p><p>Garrido, O.H, and A. Kirkconnell. 2000. <em>Field Guide to the Birds of Cuba<\/em>. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, N.Y.<\/p><p>Graves, G.R. 2002. Habitat characteristics in the core breeding range of the Swainson\u2019s Warbler. <em>Wilson Bulletin<\/em> 114:210-220.<\/p><p>Graves, G.R. 2015. Recent large-scale colonisation of southern pine plantations by Swainson\u2019s Warbler <em>Limnothlypis swainsonii<\/em>. <em>Bird Conservation International<\/em> 25:280-293.<\/p><p>Haynes-Sutton, A., A. Downer, R. Sutton, and Y.-J. Rey-Millet. 2009. <em>A Photographic Guide to the Birds of Jamaica<\/em>. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.<\/p><p>Heckscher, C.M., and J.M. McCann. 2006. Status of Swainson\u2019s Warbler on the Delmarva Peninsula. <em>Northeastern Naturalist<\/em> 13:521-530.<\/p><p>Howell, S.N.G., and S. Webb. 1995. <em>A Guide to the Birds of Mexico and Northern Central America<\/em>. Oxford University Press, Oxford.<\/p><p>Latta, S., C. Rimmer, A. Keith, J. Wiley, H. Raffaele, K. McFarland, and E. Fernandez. 2006. <em>Birds of the Dominican Republic and Haiti<\/em>. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.<\/p><p>Raffaele, H. 1989. <em>A Guide to the Birds of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands<\/em>. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.<\/p><p>Raffaele, H., J. Wiley, O. Garrido, A. Keith, and J. Raffaele. 1998. <em>A Guide to the Birds of the West Indies<\/em>. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.<\/p><p>Townsend, J.M., C.C. Rimmer, J. Klavins, A.K. Townsend, and E.C. Mendoza. 2014. New winter distributional records for Swainson\u2019s Warbler (<em>Limnothlypis swainsonii<\/em>) in the Dominican Republic. Journal of Caribbean Ornithology 27:36-39.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a9 Timothy Carstens \u00a9 David Sarkozi Birdfinding.info \u21d2\u00a0 Uncommon, local, secretive, and hard to find across most of its range.\u00a0 When singing on its breeding territory, however, it announces its presence clearly and responds promptly to playback of its distinctive song.\u00a0 Breeds in largely impenetrable habitats: brushy swamps, canebrakes, Appalachian rhododendron thickets, and\u2014as recently discovered\u2014dense […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"ocean_post_layout":"right-sidebar","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"off","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14391","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-species","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14391","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14391"}],"version-history":[{"count":126,"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14391\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15456,"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14391\/revisions\/15456"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14391"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14391"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14391"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}