Notice: Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called incorrectly. Translation loading for the debug-bar domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the init action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6121

Notice: Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called incorrectly. Translation loading for the google-analytics-for-wordpress domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the init action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6121

Notice: Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called incorrectly. Translation loading for the ht-easy-ga4 domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the init action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6121

Notice: Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called incorrectly. Translation loading for the h5ap domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the init action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6121

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php:6121) in /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1896

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php:6121) in /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1896

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php:6121) in /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1896

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php:6121) in /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1896

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php:6121) in /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1896

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php:6121) in /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1896

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php:6121) in /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1896

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php:6121) in /home4/birdfind/public_html/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1896
{"id":28141,"date":"2019-08-30T17:47:19","date_gmt":"2019-08-30T21:47:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.birdfinding.info\/?p=28141"},"modified":"2022-07-23T23:01:23","modified_gmt":"2022-07-24T03:01:23","slug":"bicknells-thrush","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/bicknells-thrush\/","title":{"rendered":"Bicknell\u2019s Thrush"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\u00a9 Alan Van Norman<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\nhttps:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/XC467685-Bicknells-Thrush-Catharus-bicknelli.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\u00a9 Martin St.-Michel<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Birdfinding.info \u21d2<\/em><\/strong> \u00a0Uncommon, localized, and declining.\u00a0 Bicknell\u2019s Thrush is most readily found on its breeding grounds from the end of May through June.\u00a0 The southernmost breeding locations are Slide Mountain and Hunter Mountain in the Catskills.\u00a0 In the Adirondacks, accessible sites include Whiteface Mountain; in Vermont, Stratton Mountain and Mount Mansfield; in New Hampshire, Mount Washington and elsewhere in White Mountain National Forest; in Maine, Saddleback Mountain and Baxter State Park.\u00a0 In Quebec, accessible breeding areas include Massif-du-Sud Regional Park and Montmorency Forest.\u00a0 On its wintering grounds, consistent sites include at Zapot\u00e9n and Cachote in the southwestern Dominican Republic.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Bicknell\u2019s Thrush<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Catharus bicknelli<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Family: Turdidae<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Breeds in southeastern Canada and New England.\u00a0 Winters in the West Indies.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Approximate breeding range of Bicknell\u2019s Thrush.\u00a0 \u00a9 BirdLife International 2018<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Breeding.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 Breeds in dense stunted coniferous forests dominated by Balsam Fir, which occur mainly near the tops of mountains and ridges from southern Quebec to New York.\u00a0 It also breeds in similar habitat in the early successional stages of regrowth after forest fires and other disturbances.<\/p>

Bicknell\u2019s Thrush is exceptional in having a \u201cpolygynandrous\u201d mating system, meaning that both males and females mate with multiple partners each year so each male is attached to multiple nests and each nest has multiple males attached to it.<\/p>

Its core breeding area extends from the Adirondacks of New York through the northern Appalachians to Quebec\u2019s Gasp\u00e9 Peninsula.\u00a0 Also breeds in several scattered areas of Quebec north of the St. Lawrence, Cape Breton Island, and the Catskills of New York.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

In 2010, the estimated population was in the range of 95,000 to 126,000, with about 60% breeding the U.S. and 40% in Canada.<\/p>

Nonbreeding.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 Winters mainly in humid forests of Hispaniola, mostly but not exclusively at upper elevations.\u00a0 Smaller numbers winter in southeastern Cuba (the Sierra Maestra and possibly elsewhere), eastern Jamaica (the Blue Mountains), Puerto Rico, and rarely east into the Virgin Islands.<\/p>

Movements.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 A short-distance migrant that is seldom seen on migration\u2014much of the population may fly nonstop between breeding and wintering grounds.\u00a0 Northbound migration occurs mainly from mid- to late May.\u00a0 Birds leave the breeding grounds around the middle of September.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Identification<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Generally similar to other North American Catharus<\/em> thrushes, and lacking any prominent distinctive features, Bicknell\u2019s is difficult to identify by sight.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Bicknell\u2019s Thrush, showing gray underparts and mostly neutral-brown upperparts with subtly warmer tones on the tail and wings.\u00a0 (Saddleback Mountain, Maine; June 3, 2015.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Alan Schmierer<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

It is essentialy identical to the Gray-cheeked Thrush<\/strong><\/a>, with which it was traditionally regarded as conspecific.\u00a0 Bicknell\u2019s averages ~10% smaller and often shows somewhat warmer-brown plumage, especially on the tail. \u00a0(For a detailed comparison, see below.)<\/p>

Like its close relatives, Bicknell\u2019s is plainly attired overall with unmarked brown upperparts and whitish underparts that have bold, blackish spots on the throat and chest.\u00a0 The spots extend down to the mid-breast where they become blurry.<\/p>

Both Bicknell\u2019s and Gray-cheeked differ from other Catharus<\/em> thrushes in having a relatively dark, unmarked, grayish face with an indistinct eyering.\u00a0 Their underparts generally appear darker and grayer than the others, usually most noticeable on the flanks.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Bicknell\u2019s Thrush.\u00a0 (Kaskad, Haiti; February 14, 2017.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Jim Tietz<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Bicknell\u2019s Thrush, facial close-up.\u00a0 (Mount Mansfield, Vermont; May 20, 2016.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Kent McFarland<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

As with other Catharus<\/em> thrushes, when seen in flight its underwings show a surprisingly bold pattern of two pale bars and two dark bars.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Voice.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 Song is rich and musical, a series of chattering phrases that begins with a burst of whistles and ends with a lower reverberating tone.\u00a0 It has been rendered as \u201cchook-chook, wee-o, wee-o, wee-o-ti-t-ter-ee<\/em>.\u201d\u00a0 Each rendition lasts about two seconds, and they are spaced about two to five seconds apart: