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{"id":32558,"date":"2019-10-30T20:30:16","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T00:30:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.birdfinding.info\/?p=32558"},"modified":"2019-11-03T13:46:31","modified_gmt":"2019-11-03T17:46:31","slug":"white-tailed-nightjar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/white-tailed-nightjar\/","title":{"rendered":"White-tailed Nightjar"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\u00a9 Shailesh Pinto<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\nhttps:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/XC206541-White_tailed_Nightjar.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a9 Tuomas Seimola<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Birdfinding.info \u21d2<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 Locally common in several parts of its range: the western Llanos; the arid littoral of northern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela; the savannas of Roraima and western Guyana; the ABC Islands; and especially Tobago.\u00a0 Consistent sites include Bubali Bird Sanctuary (Aruba); Washington Slagbaai National Park (Bonaire); everywhere on Cura\u00e7ao; Little Tobago Island; Cuffie River Nature Retreat and Flagstaff Hill (Tobago); the Aripo savannas (Trinidad); Los Flamencos Wildlife Reserve (Colombia); and the Estrada Perdida in Viru\u00e1 National Park (Roraima, Brazil).\u00a0 Rare on Martinique, mostly at La Caravelle Nature Reserve.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hydropsalis cayennensis<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Family: Caprimulgidae<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Northern South America and adjacent parts of Central America and the West Indies<\/strong>, where it occurs in semiopen habitats: savanna, scrub, open woodlands, and forest edge.<\/p>

In Central America, found nearly throughout the Pacific slope of Costa Rica and Panama, and at least locally or occasionally on some parts of the Caribbean slope.<\/p>

In South America, found mainly in four regions: (1) Caribbean lowlands from Colombia east to French Guiana; (2) intermontane valleys of western Colombia and northernmost Ecuador; (3) the Llanos of Colombia and Venezuela; and (4) the Tepui region and adjacent savannas of Roraima and Guyana.<\/p>

In the West Indies: the ABC Islands, Isla Margarita, Trinidad, Tobago, and a small relict population on Martinique.\u00a0 Has also been recorded as a vagrant to Barbados and Puerto Rico.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Identification<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

A small nightjar with a broad tawny nuchal collar and strongly divergent male and female plumages.<\/p>

Male has contrasty upperparts and pale underparts\u2014but these vary from mostly white to mottled.\u00a0 Typically shows bold buffy shoulder straps and rows of white spots on the wing coverts.<\/p>

The male\u2019s undertail is white with\u00a0 dark band near the base that is visible when the undertail is in full view.\u00a0 Its uppertail is plain when folded and shows white outer tail feathers when spread.<\/p>

In flight, the male shows bright white bands on the primaries, and the underwing is largely white.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male.\u00a0 (Bubali Bird Sanctuary, Aruba; September 29, 2017.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Michael Tromp<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male showing broad tawny nuchal collar, buffy shoulder strap, and rows of white spots on wing coverts.\u00a0 (Lowlands, Tobago; May 2, 2006.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Jack Piper<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male showing tawny nuchal collar, buffy shoulder strap, rows of white spots on wing coverts, and white edge on outer tail feathers.\u00a0 (Little Tobago, Trinidad & Tobago; March 21, 2006.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Joe Sebastiani<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male.\u00a0 (Bubali Bird Sanctuary, Aruba; July 25, 2016.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Michiel Oversteegen<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male with mostly white underparts.\u00a0 (Bubali Bird Sanctuary, Aruba; February 13, 2017.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Michiel Oversteegen<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male showing rows of white spots on wing coverts and part of the white band on the primaries.\u00a0 (Little Tobago, Trinidad & Tobago; May 8, 2014.)\u00a0 \u00a9 William Stephens<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar with mostly white underparts.\u00a0 (Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia; October 28, 2017.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Maira Alejandra Holgu\u00edn Ruiz<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male with mostly white underparts and limited mottling on the breast.\u00a0 (Washington Slagbaai National Park, Bonaire; May 26, 2012.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Chris Harrison<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male with mottled breast\u2014note partially visible white undertail.\u00a0 (Cuffie River Nature Retreat, Tobago; June 21, 2013.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Stephen Gast<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male with mottled breast\u2014note that the white outer tail feathers and white band on the primaries are barely visible in this view, but clear enough to indicate that it is a male.\u00a0 (Estrada Perdida, Viru\u00e1 National Park, Roraima, Brazil; July 26, 2010.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Jo\u00e3o Quental<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male showing tawny nuchal collar, rows of white spots on wing coverts, and white edge on outer tail feathers.\u00a0 (Corbin Wildlife Park, Tobago; July 29, 2016.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Kamal Mahabir<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male with white throat showing rows of white spots on wing coverts, part of the white band on the primaries.\u00a0 (Estrada Perdida, Viru\u00e1 National Park, Roraima, Brazil; March 10, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Marcelo Camacho<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male showing rows of white spots on wing coverts, part of the white band on the primaries, and white on outer tail feathers.\u00a0 (Rio Agua Boa, Roraima, Brazil; January 29, 2015.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Douglas Jeffries<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male showing rows of white spots on wing coverts, part of the white band on the primaries, and white on outer tail feathers\u2014also note pale edges on the crown.\u00a0 (Estrada Perdida, Viru\u00e1 National Park, Roraima, Brazil; December 24, 2014.)\u00a0 \u00a9 S\u00e9rgio Greg\u00f3rio<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male in low flight showing white undertail with dark band at the base and broad white band on primaries.\u00a0 (Cuffie River Nature Retreat, Tobago; May 5, 2014.)\u00a0 \u00a9 William Stephens<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male showing tawny nuchal collar and part of the white band on the primaries.\u00a0 (Cuffie River Nature Retreat, Tobago; May 5, 2014.)\u00a0 \u00a9 William Stephens<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male showing tawny nuchal collar, rows of white spots on wing coverts, and part of the white band on the primaries.\u00a0 (Estrada Perdida, Viru\u00e1 National Park, Roraima, Brazil; January 20, 2019.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Roseanne Almeida<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male showing rows of white spots on wing coverts and part of the white band on the primaries.\u00a0 (Estrada Perdida, Viru\u00e1 National Park, Roraima, Brazil; December 16, 2017.)\u00a0 \u00a9 \u00d6rjan Sj\u00f6gren<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, male in flight showing broad white bands on primaries and white outer tail feather.\u00a0 (Aripo Livestock Station, Trinidad; April 30, 2014.)\u00a0 \u00a9 William Stephens<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Female is cryptically patterned overall.\u00a0 The female\u2019s upperparts are generally similar to the male\u2019s, but the underparts are usually somewhat darker and typically barred, at least on the breast.<\/p>

The female\u2019s undertail is barred, not plain white.<\/p>

In flight, the female shows buffy bands on the primaries.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, female, showing barred breast and undertail.\u00a0 (Bubali Bird Sanctuary, Aruba; July 25, 2016.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Michiel Oversteegen<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, female showing barred breast and undertail.\u00a0 (Cuffie River Nature Retreat, Tobago; January 20, 2019.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Susan Brauning<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, female, showing barred breast and undertail.\u00a0 (Cuffie River Nature Retreat, Tobago; May 5, 2014.)\u00a0 \u00a9 William Stephens<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, female on nest, showing broad tawny nuchal collar.\u00a0 (Bubali Bird Sanctuary, Aruba; May 15, 2016.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Gregory Peterson<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, female showing broad tawny nuchal collar.\u00a0 (Cuffie River Nature Retreat, Tobago; May 21, 2016.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Stan Lilley<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, female showing broad tawny nuchal collar and barred breast and undertail.\u00a0 (Aripo Livestock Station, Trinidad; June 16, 2013.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Stephen Gast<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, female showing broad barred breast.\u00a0 (Estrada Perdida, Viru\u00e1 National Park, Roraima, Brazil; March 10, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Anselmo d\u2019Affonseca<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, female showing broad tawny nuchal collar, barred breast, and buffy band on primaries.\u00a0 (Tobago; November 23, 2017.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Hal and Kirsten Snyder<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, female showing mostly dark underparts.\u00a0 (Las Baulas National Park, Costa Rica; September 12, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Jon Iratzagorria Garay<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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White-tailed Nightjar, female in hand, showing broad tawny nuchal collar and thin buffy band on the primaries.\u00a0 (Rancher\u00eda Ichichon, La Guajira, Colombia; March 31, 2016.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Orlando Padilla<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Voice.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 Song is a high-pitched emphatic chi-peeeeeeeeeeeeeer<\/em><\/strong>, a quick chip followed by a thin scream that descends and trails off at the end: