{"id":39634,"date":"2020-04-01T01:56:59","date_gmt":"2020-04-01T05:56:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.birdfinding.info\/?p=39634"},"modified":"2020-04-09T23:03:26","modified_gmt":"2020-04-10T03:03:26","slug":"red-avadavat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/red-avadavat\/","title":{"rendered":"Red Avadavat"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\u00a9 Alexander Viduetsky<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u00a9 Sharad Apte<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Birdfinding.info <\/em><\/strong>\u21d2<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 Common and widespread in grassy areas near water throughout most of India east to West Bengal.\u00a0 Generally uncommon and localized elsewhere.\u00a0 Near Bangkok, one place where it can often be found is Lat Krabang<\/strong><\/a>.\u00a0 In northern Thailand, the campuses of Mae Jo University and Mae Hia Agricultural College in Chiang Mai are consistent sites.\u00a0 In Fiji, it is common around Nadi; in Portugal, at Barroca d\u2019Alva and Herdade da Alfar\u00f3fia; in Spain, at Badajoz, Madrigalejo, Montehermoso, and Soto Guti\u00e9rrez; and on Guadeloupe, at Barrage de Gaschet.\u00a0 In Hawaii, it is common in the lowlands of Oahu (e.g., Kapolei, Honouliuli, Kawainui, and James Campbell National Wildlife Refuge) and Kauai (Poipu and Lihue Airport), but less so on the Big Island (where Kealakehe Wastewater Treatment Plant, Pu\u2019u Anahulu, and the end of Waikoloa Road are consistent sites).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Amandava amandava<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Family: Estrildidae<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Southern Asia and Indonesia; widely introduced elsewhere.<\/strong>\u00a0 Occurs in open grassy habitats, usually near water and often in marshes, mainly in humid lowlands, but locally up to 2,400 m elevation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Approximate natural range of the Red Avadavat (with some sites of reported\u00a0 introduced populations shown in purple).\u00a0 \u00a9 BirdLife International 2016<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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In South Asia, widespread across the subcontinent from northeastern Pakistan east across most of India, the Nepalese lowlands, and Bangladesh\u2014but not in Sri Lanka.<\/p>

In Southeast Asia, local in valleys and plains of Myanmar, Thailand, and Cambodia.\u00a0 Also occurs very locally in adjacent portions of western Yunnan, southwestern Laos, and southern Vietnam.<\/p>

In Indonesia, found on Java, Bali, Lombok, Flores, Sumba, Roti, Alor, Timor, and Wetai\u2014but apparently not on Sumbawa (between Lombok and Flores).<\/p>

Widely introduced worldwide, with significant populations established in several areas, including: central and southern Portugal and Spain; along the Nile River in Egypt; Singapore; Fiji (several islands); and Hawaii (Kauai, Oahu, and the Big Island).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Smaller populations appear to be established in: northern Italy (near Pisa); northeastern Greece (around Lake Ismarida); Saudi Arabia (Riyadh area); the United Arab Emirates (Dubai area); peninsular Malaysia (Penang); northern Borneo (Sabah); Guadeloupe; and possibly also Martinique.<\/p>

Populations currently designated as A. a. flavidiventris<\/em> (and sometimes as the \u201cYellow-bellied Avadavat\u201d) occupy two disjunct areas: northern Indochina (most of Myanmar and adjacent portions of China and northern Thailand) and the Lesser Sundas (from Flores to Timor).\u00a0 (See Notes<\/u><\/strong> below, Frontiers of Taxonomy: Why the \u201cYellow-bellied Avadavat\u201d Is Probably a Color Morph, Not a Distinct Taxonomic Form.<\/em><\/strong>)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Identification<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Male in breeding plumage is unique: vivid red overall, with a rosy bill and brown wings, back, and tail, and dappled with crisp, white specks on the wings, sides, chest, rump, and tail.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, male in breeding plumage showing black lores and white crescent below the eye. \u00a0(Rajarhat Wetlands I, North 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India; October 2, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Souvik Roychoudhury<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Often has black lores and a fine white crescent below the eye.\u00a0 The belly and vent are blackish throughout most of its range, but in the \u201cYellow-bellied\u201d populations of northern Indochina and the Lesser Sundas, the male\u2019s belly is paler, shading from orange to yellow.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, male in breeding plumage, ventral view showing blackish belly and white specks across chest. \u00a0(Bangalore, India; September 11, 2016.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Shreyan M.L.<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u201cYellow-bellied Avadavat,\u201d A. a. flavidiventris<\/em>, male in breeding plumage. \u00a0(Nam Kham Nature Reserve, Chiang Rai, Thailand; December 4, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Ayuwat Jearwattanakanok<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, male in breeding plumage. \u00a0(New Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; October 12, 2017.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Mayureshl Khatavkar<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, male in breeding plumage showing black lores and belly. \u00a0(Pariej Lake, Kheda, Gujarat, India; December 19, 2015.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Manish Panchal<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, male in breeding plumage. \u00a0(Lat Krabang, Bangkok, Thailand; January 21, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Bird Soong<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, male in breeding plumage with limited white speckling. \u00a0(The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India; August 26, 2017.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Renuka Vijayaraghavan<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, male in breeding plumage with limited white speckling\u2014note that this bird has a black belly and is in the range of the putative \u201cYellow-bellied Avadavat,\u201d A. a. flavidiventris<\/em>. \u00a0(Mae Jo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; September 4, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Ayuwat Jearwattanakanok<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, male in breeding plumage with large white spots. \u00a0(Kotagiri, Nilgiris District, Tamil Nadu, India; October 10, 2019.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Manjula Mathur<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, male in breeding plumage, appearing darker and browner than most. \u00a0(Naihati, North 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India; October 6, 2019.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Nikhil Adhikary<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u201cYellow-bellied Avadavat,\u201d A. a. flavidiventris<\/em>, male in breeding plumage.\u00a0 (Nam Kham Nature Reserve, Chiang Rai, Thailand.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Woraphot Bunkwhamdi<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, male in breeding plumage\u2014note that this photo was taken along India\u2019s western coast, far from the range of the \u201cYellow-bellied Avadavat,\u201d A. a. flavidiventris<\/em>. \u00a0(Ganeshghat, Dombivli, Thane, Maharashtra, India; November 22, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Sujata Phadke<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, male in breeding plumage, dull brownish-red overall. \u00a0(Bharatpur, Rajasthan, India; May 15, 2012.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Jugal Tiwari<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, moulting male. \u00a0(Ganeshghat, Dombivli, Thane, Maharashtra, India; March 28, 2019.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Sujata Phadke<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, male. \u00a0(Soto Guti\u00e9rrez, Sureste Nature Park, Madrid, Spain; March 29, 2019.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Jos\u00e9 Mart\u00edn<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u201cYellow-bellied Avadavat,\u201d A. a. flavidiventris<\/em>, moulting male.\u00a0 (Sumba, Indonesia, Indonesia; July 23, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Yovie Jehabut<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, moulting male. \u00a0(Hosakote Kere, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; March 10, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Sivaguru Noopuran PRS<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, moulting male. \u00a0(Deobali Jalah, Nagaon District, Assam, India; February 27, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Sapon Baruah<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, male in nonbreeding plumage with a few red feathers on the nape. \u00a0(Punjab, Pakistan; December 25, 2017.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Imran Shah<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Female is brownish above and paler below, with a vivid red rump, rosy or dark bill, a black mask, and crisp, white speckles on the wings and tail.<\/p>

The upperparts vary in tone from grayish to olive, and the underparts vary from gray or tan to yellow\u2014females of the \u201cYellow-bellied\u201d populations tend to be more olive above yellower below than the others<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, female. \u00a0(Hazratpur Wetlands, Bareilly District, Uttar Pradesh, India; September 3, 2016.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Kaajal Dasgupta<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, female with extensively yellowish underparts. \u00a0(Dankuni Wetland, Hooghly District, West Bengal, India; September 2, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Santanu Chatterjee<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, female. \u00a0(Rampura Grassland, Dahod District, Gujarat, India; December 1, 2017.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Pragnesh R. Patel<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, female with extensively yellowish underparts. \u00a0(The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India; August 12, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Renuka Vijayaraghavan<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, female with predominantly gray plumage. \u00a0(Dhanauri Wetlands, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India; April 19, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Vijay Kumar Sethi<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, pale female with crisp black mask. \u00a0(Pashchim Medinipur, West Bengal, India; September 23, 2016.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Sourav Dinda<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, female with predominantly drab brown-and-gray plumage. \u00a0(Hoskote Lake, Bangalore, India; January 26, 2016.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Sachin Shurpali<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, female appearing mostly plain and nondescript. \u00a0(Ban Khum fish ponds and paddies, Phetchaburi, Thailand; January 20, 2016.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Ayuwat Jearwattanakanok<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, female with plain-gray underparts. \u00a0(Herdade da Alfar\u00f3fia, Elvas, Portalegre, Portugal; April 23, 2012.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Jorge Safara<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u201cYellow-bellied Avadavat,\u201d A. a. flavidiventris<\/em>, female showing predominantly olive plumage.\u00a0 (Bulong Prefectural Nature Reserve, Mengsong, Yunnan, China; February 1, 2012.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Craig Brelsford<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u201cYellow-bellied Avadavat,\u201d A. a. flavidiventris<\/em>, female showing predominantly olive plumage.\u00a0 (Nam Kham Nature Reserve, Chiang Mai, Thailand.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Woraphot Bunkwhamdi<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, female preening its rump. \u00a0(Garden of the Sleeping Giant, Nadi, Vitu Levu, Fiji; March 3, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 David Irving<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Immature is brownish with a dark bill, buffy wingbars, and often pale eye-crescents and white margins on the outer tail feathers.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, immature. \u00a0(Abhera Wetland, Kota, Rajasthan, India; November 26, 2011.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Sunil Singhal<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, immature with a generally sooty appearance. \u00a0(Okhla Bird Sanctuary, Uttar Pradesh, India; December 30, 2019.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Srikumar Bose<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, immature with a pinkish bill, bold white eye-crescents, strong wingbars, and upright, flycatcher-like posture. \u00a0(Abhera Wetland, Kota, Rajasthan, India; November 26, 2011.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Sunil Singhal<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, immature. \u00a0(Chilla Khader, Delhi, India; February 13, 2019.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Rajeth Kalmar<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Red Avadavat, immature. \u00a0(Bhandup Pumping Station, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; January 30, 2016.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Avinash Bhagat<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red Avadavat, immature, dorsal view showing a mostly drab, nondescript small songbird, lacking any notable features. \u00a0(University of Hawaii \u2013 West Oahu, Kapolei, Hawaii; March 9, 2018.)\u00a0 \u00a9 Sharif Uddin<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVoice.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 Most vocalizations are thin, high-pitched seeps and chirps.\u00a0 The male\u2019s song typically consists of a few such notes assembled into brief phrases, delivered in an unhurried manner: