{"id":6672,"date":"2018-12-15T12:27:26","date_gmt":"2018-12-15T16:27:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.birdfinding.info\/?p=6672"},"modified":"2018-12-16T06:33:48","modified_gmt":"2018-12-16T10:33:48","slug":"black-backed-spindalis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/black-backed-spindalis\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"6672\" class=\"elementor elementor-6672 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5304cfe9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5304cfe9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-53c2c671\" data-id=\"53c2c671\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fc5b18b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4fc5b18b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis12-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6685\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis12-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis12-1-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6caa3149 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6caa3149\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/81269431\">\u00a9 Dan Haas<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b25c8d9\" data-id=\"b25c8d9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c448d93 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c448d93\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><em>Birdfinding.info \u21d2<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 A form of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.birdfinding.info\/western-spindalis\/\"><strong>Western Spindalis<\/strong><\/a> that is common in the central Bahamas, but becomes scarce or local southward.\u00a0 Easy to find throughout the dry woodlands of Andros Island: e.g., at Maiden Hair Coppice and Blue Hole National Park.\u00a0 Can also be found in parks and gardens in Nassau.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-35e8be0d elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-content-bottom elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"35e8be0d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3a93fcba\" data-id=\"3a93fcba\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c2c1cee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c2c1cee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-357320ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"357320ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Spindalis zena zena<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4d0f4c28\" data-id=\"4d0f4c28\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4164f4b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4164f4b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.birdfinding.info\/family-spindalidae\/\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Family: Spindalidae<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-306e1ac2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"306e1ac2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-23e3ebe0\" data-id=\"23e3ebe0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68686eea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68686eea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Endemic to the central and southern Bahamas and Turks &amp; Caicos<\/strong>, north to the Berry Islands and Castaway Cay (west of Abaco). \u00a0Locally common in woodlands, especially on Andros.<\/p><p>More prone to wandering than other spindalises, likely due to the fact that it breeds on many small islands and therefore is adapted to dispersing over water.\u00a0 Occurs roughly annually in southern Florida, where it has bred.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-543a3ac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"543a3ac\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4bccc51a\" data-id=\"4bccc51a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e4b968c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6e4b968c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Identification<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>Male is distinctive but very similar to the other Bahaman spindalis, \u201cDark-backed,\u201d which overlaps with it on a limited basis.\u00a0 \u201cBlack-backed\u201d has an all-black back that is bordered by chestnut on the nape and the rump.<\/p><p>Male\u00a0\u201cBlack-backed\u201d is highly variable in the coloration of the breast.\u00a0 Most individuals have a dark chestnut or blackish bib surrounded by progressively paler shades of orange, but many individuals have a much paler bib and breast, and many occupy the spectrum between the extremes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f3d5507 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f3d5507\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis1-1-e1544893404828.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6674\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis1-1-e1544893404828.jpg 500w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis1-1-e1544893404828-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d514b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"31d514b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis,\u201d <em>S. z. zena<\/em>, male.\u00a0 (Gulfstream Shores, Key Largo, Florida; May 5, 2017.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/56950671\">\u00a9 Tom Johnson<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e786758 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7e786758\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"481\" height=\"361\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis11-1-e1544893625965.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6684\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis11-1-e1544893625965.jpg 481w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis11-1-e1544893625965-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 481px) 100vw, 481px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24cc212c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"24cc212c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis,\u201d <em>S. z. zena<\/em>, male.\u00a0 (Markham Park, Sunrise, Florida; February 29, 2016.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/103160171\">\u00a9 Tammy McQuade<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1956acc8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1956acc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"430\" height=\"321\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis9-1-e1544899473566.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6682\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis9-1-e1544899473566.jpg 430w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis9-1-e1544899473566-300x224.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a3e9fe6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a3e9fe6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis,\u201d <em>S. z. zena<\/em>, male.\u00a0 (Maiden Hair Coppice, North Andros, Bahamas; May 21, 2016.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/32873551\">\u00a9 Andrew Spencer<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17cabb4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"17cabb4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"519\" height=\"651\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis10-1-e1544893226456.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6683\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis10-1-e1544893226456.jpg 519w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis10-1-e1544893226456-239x300.jpg 239w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 519px) 100vw, 519px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65eb4b6e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65eb4b6e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis,\u201d <em>S. z. zena<\/em>, male.\u00a0 (Central Andros National Park, Bahamas; November 23, 2012.)\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/jboyd.net\/Bahamas12\/IMG_3146.html\">\u00a9 John H. Boyd III<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37e126b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"37e126b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>First-year males are easily confused with \u201cDark-backed Spindalis,\u201d as their backs are mottled olive and black.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bcf7991 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1bcf7991\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"494\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis16.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6721\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis16.jpg 640w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis16-300x232.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f659fb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f659fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis,\u201d <em>S. z. townsendi<\/em>, first-year male.\u00a0 (Markham Park, Sunrise, Florida; January 7, 2016.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/115935291\">\u00a9 Bill Hill<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11ee00f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11ee00f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Female and immature are also unique within their range, but less distinctive,\u00a0plain olive-brown above, with a muted version of the male\u2019s head pattern, and pale, faintly streaked underparts.\u00a0\u00a0May be indistinguishable from female\u00a0and immature \u201cDark-backed.\u201d<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-578383ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"578383ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"508\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis13-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6686\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis13-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis13-1-300x238.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a67de95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a67de95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis,\u201d <em>S. z. zena<\/em>, female.\u00a0 (New Providence, Bahamas; February 21, 2017.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/49472741\">\u00a9 Corey Finger<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-559cd15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"559cd15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis15-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6688\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis15-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis15-1-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f36c66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f36c66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis,\u201d <em>S. z. zena<\/em>, immature male molting into adult plumage.\u00a0 (Central Eleuthera, Bahamas; August 10, 2018.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/110623001\">\u00a9 Will Johnson<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ec27227\" data-id=\"ec27227\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ff4f42 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7ff4f42\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"529\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis3-1-e1544899326358.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6676\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis3-1-e1544899326358.jpg 529w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis3-1-e1544899326358-300x272.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 529px) 100vw, 529px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5619f483 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5619f483\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis,\u201d <em>S. z. zena<\/em>, male.\u00a0 (Blue Holes National Park, North Andros, Bahamas; April 25, 2018.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/96442101\">\u00a9 Kathryn Cowdery<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6399839 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6399839\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"554\" height=\"440\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis2-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6675\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis2-1.jpg 554w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis2-1-300x238.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ce2506 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6ce2506\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis,\u201d <em>S. z. zena<\/em>, male.\u00a0 (New Providence, Bahamas; February 21, 2017.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/49472731\">\u00a9 Corey Finger<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-581152ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"581152ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"499\" height=\"536\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis7-1-e1544899627322.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6680\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis7-1-e1544899627322.jpg 499w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis7-1-e1544899627322-279x300.jpg 279w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 499px) 100vw, 499px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-523a840 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"523a840\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis,\u201d <em>S. z. zena<\/em>, male.\u00a0 (Blue Holes National Park, North Andros, Bahamas; March 19, 2018.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/90493981\">\u00a9 Stuart White<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-291ec46c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"291ec46c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"485\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis5-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6678\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis5-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis5-1-300x227.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-613b7cd7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"613b7cd7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis,\u201d <em>S. z. zena<\/em>, male.\u00a0 (Mount Pleasant Lodge, Central Andros, Bahamas; December 9, 2015.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/22006621\">\u00a9 Michael Bolte<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-214fc52e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"214fc52e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"447\" height=\"396\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis6-1-e1544895682620.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6679\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis6-1-e1544895682620.jpg 447w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis6-1-e1544895682620-300x266.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 447px) 100vw, 447px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e91e518 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5e91e518\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis,\u201d <em>S. z. zena<\/em>, male.\u00a0 (Maiden Hair Coppice, North Andros, Bahamas; May 21, 2016.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/32873561\">\u00a9 Andrew Spencer<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db648f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"db648f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis8-1-e1544893694275.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6681\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis8-1-e1544893694275.jpg 500w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis8-1-e1544893694275-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62b4b9e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"62b4b9e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis,\u201d <em>S. z. zena<\/em>, male.\u00a0 (Long Pine Key Campground, Everglades National Park, Florida; July 15, 2017.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/63481321\">\u00a9 David McQuade<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ba13140 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2ba13140\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"508\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis14-1-e1544899706437.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6687\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis14-1-e1544899706437.jpg 508w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis14-1-e1544899706437-300x245.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 508px) 100vw, 508px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81e0e26 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"81e0e26\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis,\u201d <em>S. z. zena<\/em>, female.\u00a0 (New Providence, Bahamas; February 14, 2014.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/32026911\">\u00a9 Paul Lewis<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7f48c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e7f48c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"420\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis17-1-e1544955361651.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6869\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis17-1-e1544955361651.jpg 420w, https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/BbSpindalis17-1-e1544955361651-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51b8379e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"51b8379e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cBlack-backed Spindalis,\u201d <em>S. z. zena<\/em>, female.\u00a0 (Blue Holes National Park, North Andros, Bahamas; April 25, 2018.)\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/macaulaylibrary.org\/asset\/96578881\">\u00a9 Colleen Cowdery<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-138c45d9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"138c45d9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6095867c\" data-id=\"6095867c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ef101da elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"5ef101da\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3f2d7719 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3f2d7719\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-434a4060\" data-id=\"434a4060\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ac07b6c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ac07b6c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong><em>Voice.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 Songs are vigorous, complex, rambling, chattering, with a squeaky, wheezy quality:<iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.xeno-canto.org\/331621\/embed?simple=1\" width=\"340\" height=\"115\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.xeno-canto.org\/331622\/embed?simple=1\" width=\"340\" height=\"115\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-eb2943a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eb2943a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e67692f\" data-id=\"e67692f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c78b30a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4c78b30a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Notes<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>Monotypic form, one of five potentially distinct forms of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.birdfinding.info\/western-spindalis\/\">Western Spindalis<\/a>.<\/p><p>Distinguishable from other forms of Western Spindalis based on voice and coloration.\u00a0 \u201cDark-backed Spindalis\u201d is clearly a close relative, and it is possible that these two could be considered a single species separate from the other forms of Western Spindalis.<\/p><p>All spindalises were formerly considered to be a single species, the Stripe-headed Tanager, <em>S. zena<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1d750661 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1d750661\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-47d0288a\" data-id=\"47d0288a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e9f056b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e9f056b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>eBird. 2018. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundance. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, N.Y. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ebird.org\">http:\/\/www.ebird.org<\/a>. (Accessed December 8, 2018.)<\/p><p>Hilty, S. 2018. Western Spindalis (<em>Spindalis zena<\/em>). In <em>Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive<\/em> (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D.A. Christie, and E. de Juana, eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hbw.com\/node\/61832\">https:\/\/www.hbw.com\/node\/61832<\/a>. \u00a0(Accessed December 5, 2018.)<\/p><p>Howell, S.N.G., I. Lewington, and W. Russell. 2014. <em>Rare Birds of North America<\/em>. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.<\/p><p>Raffaele, H., J. Wiley, O. Garrido, A. Keith, and J. Raffaele. 1998. <em>A Guide to the Birds of the West Indies<\/em>. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a9 Dan Haas Birdfinding.info \u21d2\u00a0 A form of Western Spindalis that is common in the central Bahamas, but becomes scarce or local southward.\u00a0 Easy to find throughout the dry woodlands of Andros Island: e.g., at Maiden Hair Coppice and Blue Hole National Park.\u00a0 Can also be found in parks and gardens in Nassau. \u201cBlack-backed Spindalis\u201d 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