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{"id":94959,"date":"2021-06-18T08:15:12","date_gmt":"2021-06-18T12:15:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.birdfinding.info\/?p=94959"},"modified":"2021-06-20T16:33:03","modified_gmt":"2021-06-20T20:33:03","slug":"red-vented-bulbul","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/birdfinding.info\/red-vented-bulbul\/","title":{"rendered":"Red-vented Bulbul"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a9 Craig Fujii<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\nhttps:\/\/birdfinding.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/XC573350-Red-vented-Bulbul-Pycnonotus-cafer.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a9 Sreekumar Chirukandoth<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Birdfinding.info \u21d2<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 Generally common across most of its range.\u00a0 Ubiquitous in India and many of the territories where it has been introduced, including Oahu.\u00a0 The Houston population rapidly became established west and north of downtown during the 2010s, and appears likely to continue spreading.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pycnonotus cafer<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Family: Pycnontidae<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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South Asia; introduced elsewhere.<\/strong>\u00a0 Inhabits various semiopen habitats, including urban and agricultural areas.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u00a9 Xeno-Canto 2021<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Resident throughout South Asia north to the Himalayan foothills, from the borderlands of northeastern Afghanistan and central Pakistan east to Myanmar and into foothills of western Yunnan, and south to Karachi, Sri Lanka, the Irrawaddy Delta, and locally across the border into central-western Thailand (Khao Laem National Park).<\/p>

Introduced populations are established on the Arabian Peninsula, several tropical Pacific island groups, and locally elsewhere.<\/p>

Along the southern shore of the Persian Gulf, established in Kuwair and locally from Bahrain east through Qatar and the U.A.E. to northern Oman.\u00a0 Also on Iran\u2019s Kish Island on the northern side of the Gulf.\u00a0 More isolated populations appear to be established around Riyadh and in southern Oman around Salaleh.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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In the tropical Pacific, established on Oahu (abundant), the Marshall Islands (Majuro), New Caledonia, Fiji (Viti Levu, Vanua Levu, Taveuni, and many islets), Tonga (Nuku\u2019alofa, Eua, Niuafo\u2019ou, and Vava\u2019u), Samoa (Savai\u2019i, Upolu, and Pago Pago), and the Society Islands (Bora Bora, Taha\u2019a, Raiatea, Huahine, Moorea, and Tahiti).<\/p>

Starting around the mid-2000s, new introduced populations have gained footholds in southeastern Texas (metropolitan Houston) and the Canary Islands (Fuerteventura), where they are spreading and appear certain to become well-established.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Identification<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

A familiar, robust, jaylike bulbul.\u00a0 Its eponymous red undertail covert patch is striking but shared with some related species.\u00a0 Many other details of plumage pattern and coloration are highly variable, and some individuals are readily confused with the closely related Sooty-headed Bulbul<\/strong> (see comparison below).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul.\u00a0 (Waikiki, Oahu; February 4, 2013.) \u00a0\u00a9 Matthew Grube<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul.\u00a0 (Doha, Qatar; April 13, 2010.) \u00a0\u00a9 John Thompson<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly brown upperparts and buffy underparts.\u00a0 (Bhutnal Kere, Bijapur, Karnataka, India; June 14, 2019.) \u00a0\u00a9 Ramesh Desai<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly dark underparts and brown cheeks.\u00a0 (Fa\u2019a\u2019a, Tahiti, French Polynesia; December 29, 2018.) \u00a0\u00a9 Keith Gress<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly gray body plumage above and below, and pale brown cheeks.\u00a0 (Hongbenghe, Yunnan, China; January 25, 2019.) \u00a0\u00a9 David Beadle<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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The upperparts are typically brown with paler gray scaling, a black hood, peaked crest that is often raised, dark tail, and contrasting white rump.\u00a0 Some populations are mostly warm-brown above, some are mostly grayish, and some are mostly black or blackish.<\/p>

The black hood varies from extensive, covering the entire head, neck, and chest, to just a partial helmet.\u00a0 Many intermediate patterns exist, including some that have a discrete hood (whole head and neck) crisply bordered by a pale-gray scaly nape, and many variations that have contrasting, paler brown cheek patches.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly grayish-brown upperparts and crisply defined, all-black hood, showing white rump.\u00a0 (Malampuzha, Palakkad, Kerala, India; July 22, 2020.) \u00a0\u00a9 Novelkumar M.S.<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly medium-brown upperparts, pale-scaled nape, crisply defined all-black hood, and whitish underparts, carrying prey and showing white rump.\u00a0 (Bhutnal Kere, Bijapur, Karnataka, India; June 30, 2019.) \u00a0\u00a9 Ramesh Desai<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul showing extensively scaled upperparts.\u00a0 (Bhutnal Kere, Bijapur, Karnataka, India; July 21, 2019.) \u00a0\u00a9 Ramesh Desai<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly pale grayish-brown upperparts.\u00a0 (Fort Derussy Beach Park, Honolulu, Hawaii; January 18, 2017.) \u00a0\u00a9 Gale VerHague<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul.\u00a0 (Waikele Elementary School, Waipahu, Oahu; January 21, 2020.) \u00a0\u00a9 Craig Fujii<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly sooty-brown plumage, showing white rump.\u00a0 (Sinhagad Valley, Pune, Maharashtra, India; February 5, 2018.) \u00a0\u00a9 Amol Kokane<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with extensively gray plumage.\u00a0 (Daroji Bear Sanctuary, Karnataka, India; January 9, 2018.) \u00a0\u00a9 Gururaj Moorching<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul, showing brown upperparts with paler fringes and grayish rump.\u00a0 (Houston, Texas; December 22, 2016.) \u00a0\u00a9 Kurt Hillman<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly brown plumage and pale-gray nape.\u00a0 (Vadodara, Gujarat, India; March 21, 2015.) \u00a0\u00a9 Mayur Patel<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with upperparts showing multiple shades of brown and crisply defined black hood.\u00a0 (Bhutnal Kere, Bijapur, Karnataka, India; June 30, 2019.) \u00a0\u00a9 Ramesh Desai<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with strongly scaled, warm-brown upperparts.\u00a0 (Agara, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; February 10, 2016.) \u00a0\u00a9 Atheem Kothiala<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly blackish plumage, showing white rump and red undertail coverts\u2014also note heavy bill.\u00a0 (Waialua, Oahu; June 7, 2021.) \u00a0\u00a9 John Murnane<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly pale-brown or buffy plumage and a limited black hood.\u00a0 (Mon, Myanmar; December 21, 2018.) \u00a0\u00a9 Ayuwat Jearwattanakanok<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with extensively whitish upperparts and underparts, and a crisply defined black hood.\u00a0 (Kava Road, Palakkad, Kerala, India; September 21, 2019.) \u00a0\u00a9 Novelkumar M.S.<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly gray-brown upperparts and small pale-gray rump patch.\u00a0 (Kalesar National Park, Haryana, India; October 11, 2019.) \u00a0\u00a9 Nitin Chandra<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with fairly prominent pale-brown cheek patch.\u00a0 (Punakha, Bhutan; February 17, 2020.) \u00a0\u00a9 Ayuwat Jearwattanakanok<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with unusually prominent, buffy cheek patch.\u00a0 (Kathmandu, Nepal; August 8, 2019.) \u00a0\u00a9 Ian Hearn<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul, an apparent subadult (little red on undertail coverts) with mostly cold-brown-and-gray plumage.\u00a0 (Ajban Farms, Abu Dhabi, U.A.E.; September 2, 2020.) \u00a0\u00a9 Mohamed Almazrouei<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly dingey-brown plumage overall.\u00a0 (Green Park Extension, New Delhi, India; March 19, 2019.) \u00a0\u00a9 Nitin Chandra<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with crisply defined black hood and brown cheek patches.\u00a0 (Punakha, Bhutan; February 17, 2020.) \u00a0\u00a9 Ayuwat Jearwattanakanok<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly dark-brown plumage above and below.\u00a0 (Chintamoni Kar Bird Sanctuary, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India; March 11, 2018.) \u00a0\u00a9 Arnab Pal<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with nearly all-black upperparts.\u00a0 (Houston, Texas; January 3, 2021.) \u00a0\u00a9 Christopher Lindsey<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly warm-brown upperparts.\u00a0 (Birkona Road, Chhattisgarh, India; August 12, 2017.) \u00a0\u00a9 Dr. Shrutidev Mishra<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly pale-grayish plumage and pale cheek patch.\u00a0 (Hongbenghe, Yunnan, China; February 2, 2019.) \u00a0\u00a9 Paul Hyde<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with predominantly pale-brown plumage and a limited black helmet.\u00a0 (Mon, Myanmar; December 21, 2018.) \u00a0\u00a9 Ayuwat Jearwattanakanok<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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The underparts are typically a mix of brown and gray, darker from the throat to the chest (typically with paler scaling), and becoming paler, often whitish on the belly.\u00a0 Some populations are largely blackish below and some are mostly pale-grayish, but all are darker on the chest than the belly.<\/p>

The tail is mostly blackish with broad white tips on the underside\u2014and narrow white tips on the upperside.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul.\u00a0 (Kachchh, Gujarat, India; December 23, 2018.) \u00a0\u00a9 Bhaarat Vyas<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with sooty-brown underparts and a contrastingly pale-gray nape.\u00a0 (Costa Calma, Fuerteventura, Canary Islands, Spain; November 28, 2020.) \u00a0\u00a9 Yeray Seminario<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly warm-brown, strongly scaled underparts.\u00a0 (University of Jammu, India; May 4, 2020.) \u00a0\u00a9 Parmil Kumar<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly warm-brown, subtly scaled underparts.\u00a0 (Vazhani Reservoir, Thrissur, Kerala, India; April 9, 2017.) \u00a0\u00a9 Mathew Thekkethala<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with a warm-brown chest and a contrastingly pale-gray nape.\u00a0 (Vazani Dam, Thrissur, Kerala, India; January 27, 2019.) \u00a0\u00a9 Mathew Thekkethala<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with warm-brown, strongly scaled chest.\u00a0 (Mon, Myanmar; December 21, 2018.) \u00a0\u00a9 Ayuwat Jearwattanakanok<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly unmarked underparts, tailed fanned, showing white tips.\u00a0 (Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India; March 4, 2021.) \u00a0\u00a9 Ananyaa Dobhal<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with extensive black bib, pale gray belly, and scaled transition between them.\u00a0 (Kahuku Aqua Ponds, Oahu, Hawaii; November 12, 2016.) \u00a0\u00a9 Sharif Uddin<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with largely blackish plumage.\u00a0 (Kapiolani Park, Honolulu, Hawaii; October 5, 2017.) \u00a0\u00a9 Jeff Graham<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with an extensive black bib and white belly.\u00a0 (Hongbenghe, Yunnan, China; February 2, 2019.) \u00a0\u00a9 Paul Hyde<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly grayish plumage.\u00a0 (Jaipurdoddi, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; October 1, 2017.) \u00a0\u00a9 Albin Jacob<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly unmarked underparts.\u00a0 (Kolkata, West Bengal, India; June 12, 2021.) \u00a0\u00a9 Sandeep Biswas<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly pale-brownish underparts.\u00a0 (Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India; May 13, 2020.) \u00a0\u00a9 Vijayaditya Singh Rathore<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul with mostly pale-brown plumage\u2014subtly darker on the chest, with faint scaling.\u00a0 (Pine Hill Resort, Shan, Myanmar; March 21, 2018.) \u00a0\u00a9 Ayuwat Jearwattanakanok<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul, immature.\u00a0 (Kapiolani Park, Honolulu, Hawaii; October 11, 2017.) \u00a0\u00a9 Charlotte Morris<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Red-vented Bulbul, immature.\u00a0 (Al Warsan Lakes, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; August 5, 2018.) \u00a0\u00a9 Ian Davies<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVoice.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 Songs are highly variable.\u00a0 Usually brief phrases of about two-to-six husky whistled notes\u2014sometimes repeats a phrase over and over, but often appears to improvise, progressing from one to another: